Kaelo

/ka.ˈe.lo/ · Setswana · "to care for, to nurture, to look after"

When a child in rural Botswana needs antibiotics, the distance between life and loss is measured not in kilometers, but in whether the right medicine sits on the right shelf at the right moment.

Kaelo exists to close that gap.

619
health facilities
2.4M
people served
18
health districts

What we do

Kaelo is an antimicrobial supply chain optimization platform built for the Government of Botswana. It uses advanced mathematical models — robust optimization and adaptive (affine) decision rules — to determine how medicines should be procured, stored, and distributed across the country's 619 health facilities.

The system accounts for demand uncertainty, transport constraints, procurement costs, and the complex tiered network of warehouses, hospitals, clinics, and health posts that serve 2.4M people across 18 health districts.

How it works

Robust optimization

Instead of assuming a single forecast is correct, the model optimizes against the worst-case demand scenario within a plausible uncertainty set. Decisions that hold up under the hardest month hold up under every month.

Affine decision rules

Rather than fixing every order up front, Kaelo learns a linear policy: "order x if we've observed demand y." This keeps the math tractable while letting the system adapt as real demand unfolds month by month.

Team & partners

Princeton ORFE
  • Dr. Bartolomeo Stellato (advisor)
ACHAP
  • Mr. Lesego Busang
  • Mr. Stanley Mapiki
  • Mr. Tiro Molefe
  • Dr. Khumo Seipone
Partners
  • Ministry of Health, Botswana
  • Central Medical Stores